Ron Melson's 4.6 Windsor Destroker

This page: www.bacomatic.org/~dw/281/281.htm
Main page: http://www.bacomatic.org/~dw/index.htm
Last Updated: 29 Jun 2005

Sometimes projects are carefully planned to meet specific criteria. Sometimes they're the result of "hey, we could do that..."

This whole project started as a thought exercise - how long of a connecting rod can we cram into a 5.0? Things started to snowball from there.

There are kits for 5.305" and 5.4" rods. You can use 5.56" 400 Chevy rods - the 302 I built for TRX does that. Or you can stuff in even longer rods, but you need either custom pistons or you have to shorten the stroke.

Custom pistons were outside the budget. That meant off-the-shelf bits. By destroking a 289 crank it was possible to use common Chevy stroker pistons to stick a 5.7" rod in a 5.0, which has an 8.206" deck height. This gave 281 cubic inches - only 8 shy of a standard 289 - and coincidentally the same as Ford's overhead cam Modular V8.

4.6 liters became a magic number. A destroked Windsor would have a bigger bore, shorter stroke, and bigger valves than a Modular 4.6. It's also lighter and *much* smaller. Could we build an engine that would outpower the new Modular, be at least as economical on gas, *and* meet current smog specs?

Well, hell, it was worth a shot... and the fangle factor was outasight.

The engine isn't finished yet, but it's getting there. The basics are the destroked and lightened rotating assembly, pocket ported closed chamber 289 heads, SVO long tube headers, and a sheet aluminum intake manifold with eight 52mm throttle bodies and a GM 7730 engine management system.

I'll update the page as things progress... there's really been quite a bit of work on the engine, but not a lot in the way of pictures.


The block has been cleaned, bored, honed, cleaned, and painted with Rust- Oleum Rusty Metal Primer. Here Ron is scrubbing the bores out with Marvel Mystery Oil. Even after the block has been washed, you can lift an amazing amount of swarf out of the crosshatch in the bores by floating it out with oil - enough to turn a white paper towel silver! This is one of those steps lots of people skip because it's a pain in the ass.


Clean block, ready to paint.

Here's the object of all the gimmickery - the 302 rod on the left is 5.09" long. The 283 Chevy rod on the right is 5.7" long. The Ford piston has a 1.64" pin height; the Keith Black stroker piston on the right has a 1.15" pin height. The rest of the room for the longer rod has to come by reducing the stroke... and for every .10" you reduce the stroke, you only reduce the stack height by .05". Fortunately things were close enough to make it work by going from a 3.00" stroke 302 crank to a 2.87" stroke 289 crank, then offset grinding it down to 2.75" while reducing it from the 289's 2.123" bearing size to the Chevy's 2.00" bearings.

After being destroked to 2.75", the 289 crank had its OD turned down over an inch, to a bit over 5" OD. The crank balanced out just fine with the light Chevy rods, Keith Black pistons, thinwall wristpins, stroke change, and lightened counterweights.

This is one of the first of many passes on the lathe. Fortunately you can do something else most of the time it's cutting...


A shot of the flywheel. This started as a 50oz imbalance 5.0 flywheel since it needs to mate up to a 5.0's T5 transmission setup. It took some more drilling (more than you see here) to bring it down from 50oz to the 28oz the 281 is balanced at. Several pounds came off the crank OD; almost a pound came off the harmonic balancer by going from 50oz to 28oz, and five pounds came off the flywheel, 20 down to 15 pounds - and most of that was on the OD. Yes, this will weaken the flywheel somewhat. Yes, he knows it would have been better to have just written a check for an aluminum flywheel. Yes, he has a scattershield.

This piece of aluminum is the baseplate for the independent runner EFI intake. The curved ends were jigsawed out; now they're being shaped with the die grinder. One of the 52mm Chevy throttle bodies is visible to the right.

For some reason it's hard to see the aluminum plate in this shot. It's at a 45 degree angle to the right, clamped in the vise with wooden blocks.


This is a '66 289 4V closed chamber head. I'm opening up the exhaust ports here. My local sources had come up empty on good 289 heads; these came from a helpful Fordnatics subscriber.

Sometimes I don't quite get a rod hot enough when heating the pin ends for press fit pins. The rod will grab the pin before it's quite in position. Unprintable words. With a lot of lubricant and the press you can scoot the pin over into position without hurting anything... IF you have a piston that has adequate support for the pin bosses. Without adequate support, you are likely to crack the piston.
The Keith Black pistons I used had the pin up in the oil ring, so there was nowhere to push on that might not break the piston. I machined a chunk of hard nylon block into a shaped anvil to support the piston. Took several hours to figure up and machine the block, fifteen seconds to slide the pin over...


Aluminum plates being milled for the IR intake. After we got these and the baseplate done, we realized that trying to join aluminum with a MIG welder sucked. Having had little luck with aluminum brazing rod either, we jumped track and tried something else.


Cutting off a slab of 5/16" cold-rolled steel flat for the steel intake manifold. Now we get to machine things all over again...


Ron making patterns for the new intake. For ease of fabrication, he decided to just make little trapezoidal tubes, welded up from four pieces, to go from square under the throttle bodies to rectangular at the heads. He figured the transition from round butterfly to square opening wouldn't be any more traumatic than most normal intake manifolds. I figure he's right.


Wide masking tape over the .040" steel sheet makes it easy to draw on.


Opening the exhaust valves up to 1.50" Chevy size before reworking the chambers. Next step, the intake seats.


Finished combustion chambers. They've been opened up and polished, but rust never sleeps... they'll get hit with a Nyalox abrasive cup wheel to shine them back up before final cutting on the seats and assembly. The Nyalox doesn't remove enough metal to worry about, just polishes things up.


Exhaust porting is done. Anything past this point would be just for show. Essentially the ports have been gasket-matched, smoothed, guides streamlined, opened up in the bowl areas and under the seats, and generally neatened up.


Tapping the heads for screw-in studs. It takes a steady hand to get them in straight. I use a "through tap" with a long taper to start the threads, then finish up with a bottoming tap. It wasn't necessary to cut the bosses down for guide plates since the heads have close-tolerance slots for the pushrods. They're deeply counterbored from the bottom, so it doesn't look like they're close tolerance from these pictures.


Completed head. Those are new 275# springs, should be more than adequate for this engine. The retainers are used Pontiac V8 parts. I had purchased chrome moly Ford retainers, but the spring installed height was too short. The Pontiac retainers are oddball in that they sit higher on their keepers, and things worked out okay. I have the Chevy O-ring seals on the Chevy valves, and I added the Pontiac's steel umbrellas on the exhaust sides. Note they're a bit deeper than the Chevy parts.


Bottom, with vacuum pump for valve seal check. I ground all the chambers smooth, though it doesn't look that way from the pictures.


cc'ing the combustion chambers. Some people use wheel bearing grease to seal the cover; Vaseline wipes up with less fuss.


Mill .060" to raise CR, then plunge-cut the valve perimeters to the edges of the combustion chambers and polish the chambers. I was still able to close it down to 50cc.


The 1.82" 302 Chevy intake valves have been chamfered and then ditch-cut to reduce reversion during overlap. The 1.5" exhaust valves have been back-cut and the faces radiused. They are ceramic coated on both sides.

That's it for now!